Transaction rules engine V1 (#1900)

* Domain model sketch

* Scaffold out rules domain

* Migrations

* Remove existing data enrichment for clean slate

* Sketch out business logic and basic tests

* Simplify rule scope building and action executions

* Get generator working again

* Basic implementation + tests

* Remove manual merchant management (rules will replace)

* Revert "Remove manual merchant management (rules will replace)"

This reverts commit 83dcbd9ff0.

* Family and Provider merchants model

* Fix brakeman warnings

* Fix notification loader

* Update notification position

* Add Rule action and condition registries

* Rule form with compound conditions and tests

* Split out notification types, add CTA type

* Rules form builder and Stimulus controller

* Clean up rule registry domain

* Clean up rules stimulus controller

* CTA message for rule when user changes transaction category

* Fix tests

* Lint updates

* Centralize notifications in Notifiable concern

* Implement category rule prompts with auto backoff and option to disable

* Fix layout bug caused by merge conflict

* Initialize rule with correct action for category CTA

* Add rule deletions, get rules working

* Complete dynamic rule form, split Stimulus controllers by resource

* Fix failing tests

* Change test password to avoid chromium conflicts

* Update integration tests

* Centralize all test password references

* Add re-apply rule action

* Rule confirm modal

* Run migrations

* Trigger rule notification after inline category updates

* Clean up rule styles

* Basic attribute locking for rules

* Apply attribute locks on user edits

* Log data enrichments, only apply rules to unlocked attributes

* Fix merge errors

* Additional merge conflict fixes

* Form UI improvements, ignore attribute locks on manual rule application

* Batch AI auto-categorization of transactions

* Auto merchant detection, ai enrichment in batches

* Fix Plaid merchant assignments

* Plaid category matching

* Cleanup 1

* Test cleanup

* Remove stale route

* Fix desktop chat UI issues

* Fix mobile nav styling issues

app/models/concerns/accountable.rb

@@ -9,6 +9,8 @@ module Accountable
   end
 
   included do
+    include Enrichable
+
     has_one :account, as: :accountable, touch: true
   end
 

app/models/concerns/enrichable.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+# Enrichable models can have 1+ of their fields enriched by various
+# external sources (i.e. Plaid) or internal sources (i.e. Rules)
+#
+# This module defines how models should, lock, unlock, and edit attributes
+# based on the source of the edit.  User edits always take highest precedence.
+#
+# For example:
+#
+# If a Rule tells us to set the category to "Groceries", but the user later overrides
+# a transaction with a category of "Food", we should not override the category again.
+#
+module Enrichable
+  extend ActiveSupport::Concern
+
+  InvalidAttributeError = Class.new(StandardError)
+
+  included do
+    scope :enrichable, ->(attrs) {
+      attrs = Array(attrs).map(&:to_s)
+      json_condition = attrs.each_with_object({}) { |attr, hash| hash[attr] = true }
+      where.not(Arel.sql("#{table_name}.locked_attributes ?| array[:keys]"), keys: attrs)
+    }
+  end
+
+  def log_enrichment!(attribute_name:, attribute_value:, source:, metadata: {})
+    de = DataEnrichment.find_or_create_by!(
+      enrichable: self,
+      attribute_name: attribute_name,
+      source: source,
+    )
+
+    de.value = attribute_value
+    de.metadata = metadata
+    de.save!
+  end
+
+  def locked?(attr)
+    locked_attributes[attr.to_s].present?
+  end
+
+  def enrichable?(attr)
+    !locked?(attr)
+  end
+
+  def lock!(attr)
+    update!(locked_attributes: locked_attributes.merge(attr.to_s => Time.current))
+  end
+
+  def unlock!(attr)
+    update!(locked_attributes: locked_attributes.except(attr.to_s))
+  end
+
+  def lock_saved_attributes!
+    saved_changes.keys.reject { |attr| ignored_enrichable_attributes.include?(attr) }.each do |attr|
+      lock!(attr)
+    end
+  end
+
+  private
+    def ignored_enrichable_attributes
+      %w[id updated_at created_at]
+    end
+end