Transaction rules engine V1 (#1900)

* Domain model sketch

* Scaffold out rules domain

* Migrations

* Remove existing data enrichment for clean slate

* Sketch out business logic and basic tests

* Simplify rule scope building and action executions

* Get generator working again

* Basic implementation + tests

* Remove manual merchant management (rules will replace)

* Revert "Remove manual merchant management (rules will replace)"

This reverts commit 83dcbd9ff0.

* Family and Provider merchants model

* Fix brakeman warnings

* Fix notification loader

* Update notification position

* Add Rule action and condition registries

* Rule form with compound conditions and tests

* Split out notification types, add CTA type

* Rules form builder and Stimulus controller

* Clean up rule registry domain

* Clean up rules stimulus controller

* CTA message for rule when user changes transaction category

* Fix tests

* Lint updates

* Centralize notifications in Notifiable concern

* Implement category rule prompts with auto backoff and option to disable

* Fix layout bug caused by merge conflict

* Initialize rule with correct action for category CTA

* Add rule deletions, get rules working

* Complete dynamic rule form, split Stimulus controllers by resource

* Fix failing tests

* Change test password to avoid chromium conflicts

* Update integration tests

* Centralize all test password references

* Add re-apply rule action

* Rule confirm modal

* Run migrations

* Trigger rule notification after inline category updates

* Clean up rule styles

* Basic attribute locking for rules

* Apply attribute locks on user edits

* Log data enrichments, only apply rules to unlocked attributes

* Fix merge errors

* Additional merge conflict fixes

* Form UI improvements, ignore attribute locks on manual rule application

* Batch AI auto-categorization of transactions

* Auto merchant detection, ai enrichment in batches

* Fix Plaid merchant assignments

* Plaid category matching

* Cleanup 1

* Test cleanup

* Remove stale route

* Fix desktop chat UI issues

* Fix mobile nav styling issues

app/models/rule/condition.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+class Rule::Condition < ApplicationRecord
+  belongs_to :rule, optional: -> { where.not(parent_id: nil) }
+  belongs_to :parent, class_name: "Rule::Condition", optional: true, inverse_of: :sub_conditions
+
+  has_many :sub_conditions, class_name: "Rule::Condition", foreign_key: :parent_id, dependent: :destroy, inverse_of: :parent
+
+  validates :condition_type, presence: true
+  validates :operator, presence: true
+  validates :value, presence: true, unless: -> { compound? }
+
+  accepts_nested_attributes_for :sub_conditions, allow_destroy: true
+
+  # We don't store rule_id on sub_conditions, so "walk up" to the parent rule
+  def rule
+    parent&.rule || super
+  end
+
+  def compound?
+    condition_type == "compound"
+  end
+
+  def apply(scope)
+    if compound?
+      build_compound_scope(scope)
+    else
+      filter.apply(scope, operator, value)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def prepare(scope)
+    if compound?
+      sub_conditions.reduce(scope) { |s, sub| sub.prepare(s) }
+    else
+      filter.prepare(scope)
+    end
+  end
+
+  def options
+    filter.options
+  end
+
+  def operators
+    filter.operators
+  end
+
+  def filter
+    rule.registry.get_filter!(condition_type)
+  end
+
+  private
+    def build_compound_scope(scope)
+      if operator == "or"
+        combined_scope = sub_conditions
+          .map { |sub| sub.apply(scope) }
+          .reduce { |acc, s| acc.or(s) }
+
+        combined_scope || scope
+      else
+        sub_conditions.reduce(scope) { |s, sub| sub.apply(s) }
+      end
+    end
+end