Add comprehensive API v1 with OAuth and API key authentication (#2389)

* OAuth

* Add API test routes and update Doorkeeper token handling for test environment

- Introduced API namespace with test routes for controller testing in the test environment.
- Updated Doorkeeper configuration to allow fallback to plain tokens in the test environment for easier testing.
- Modified schema to change resource_owner_id type from bigint to string.

* Implement API key authentication and enhance access control

- Replaced Doorkeeper OAuth authentication with a custom method supporting both OAuth and API keys in the BaseController.
- Added methods for API key authentication, including validation and logging.
- Introduced scope-based authorization for API keys in the TestController.
- Updated routes to include API key management endpoints.
- Enhanced logging for API access to include authentication method details.
- Added tests for API key functionality, including validation, scope checks, and access control enforcement.

* Add API key rate limiting and usage tracking

- Implemented rate limiting for API key authentication in BaseController.
- Added methods to check rate limits, render appropriate responses, and include rate limit headers in responses.
- Updated routes to include a new usage resource for tracking API usage.
- Enhanced tests to verify rate limit functionality, including exceeding limits and per-key tracking.
- Cleaned up Redis data in tests to ensure isolation between test cases.

* Add Jbuilder for JSON rendering and refactor AccountsController

- Added Jbuilder gem for improved JSON response handling.
- Refactored index action in AccountsController to utilize Jbuilder for rendering JSON.
- Removed manual serialization of accounts and streamlined response structure.
- Implemented a before_action in BaseController to enforce JSON format for all API requests.

* Add transactions resource to API routes

- Added routes for transactions, allowing index, show, create, update, and destroy actions.
- This enhancement supports comprehensive transaction management within the API.

* Enhance API authentication and onboarding handling

- Updated BaseController to skip onboarding requirements for API endpoints and added manual token verification for OAuth authentication.
- Improved error handling and logging for invalid access tokens.
- Introduced a method to set up the current context for API requests, ensuring compatibility with session-like behavior.
- Excluded API paths from onboarding redirects in the Onboardable concern.
- Updated database schema to change resource_owner_id type from bigint to string for OAuth access grants.

* Fix rubocop offenses

- Fix indentation and spacing issues
- Convert single quotes to double quotes
- Add spaces inside array brackets
- Fix comment alignment
- Add missing trailing newlines
- Correct else/end alignment

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Fix API test failures and improve test reliability

- Fix ApiRateLimiterTest by removing mock users method and using fixtures
- Fix UsageControllerTest by removing mock users method and using fixtures
- Fix BaseControllerTest by using different users for multiple API keys
- Use unique display_key values with SecureRandom to avoid conflicts
- Fix double render issue in UsageController by returning after authorize_scope\!
- Specify controller name in routes for usage resource
- Remove trailing whitespace and empty lines per Rubocop

All tests now pass and linting is clean.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Add API transactions controller warning to brakeman ignore

The account_id parameter in the API transactions controller is properly
validated on line 79: family.accounts.find(transaction_params[:account_id])
This ensures users can only create transactions in accounts belonging to
their family, making this a false positive.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Josh Pigford <josh@joshpigford.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

Gemfile.lock

@@ -173,6 +173,8 @@ GEM
       ruby2_keywords
       thor (>= 0.19, < 2)
     docile (1.4.1)
+    doorkeeper (5.8.2)
+      railties (>= 5)
     dotenv (3.1.8)
     dotenv-rails (3.1.8)
       dotenv (= 3.1.8)
@@ -266,6 +268,9 @@ GEM
       pp (>= 0.6.0)
       rdoc (>= 4.0.0)
       reline (>= 0.4.2)
+    jbuilder (2.13.0)
+      actionview (>= 5.0.0)
+      activesupport (>= 5.0.0)
     jmespath (1.6.2)
     json (2.12.2)
     jwt (2.10.1)
@@ -390,6 +395,8 @@ GEM
     raabro (1.4.0)
     racc (1.8.1)
     rack (3.1.16)
+    rack-attack (6.7.0)
+      rack (>= 1.0, < 4)
     rack-mini-profiler (4.0.0)
       rack (>= 1.2.0)
     rack-session (2.1.1)
@@ -624,6 +631,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   climate_control
   csv
   debug
+  doorkeeper
   derailed_benchmarks
   dotenv-rails
   erb_lint
@@ -639,6 +647,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   importmap-rails
   inline_svg
   intercom-rails
+  jbuilder
   jwt
   letter_opener
   logtail-rails
@@ -652,6 +661,7 @@ DEPENDENCIES
   plaid
   propshaft
   puma (>= 5.0)
+  rack-attack (~> 6.6)
   rack-mini-profiler
   rails (~> 7.2.2)
   rails-settings-cached