Add comprehensive API v1 with OAuth and API key authentication (#2389)

* OAuth

* Add API test routes and update Doorkeeper token handling for test environment

- Introduced API namespace with test routes for controller testing in the test environment.
- Updated Doorkeeper configuration to allow fallback to plain tokens in the test environment for easier testing.
- Modified schema to change resource_owner_id type from bigint to string.

* Implement API key authentication and enhance access control

- Replaced Doorkeeper OAuth authentication with a custom method supporting both OAuth and API keys in the BaseController.
- Added methods for API key authentication, including validation and logging.
- Introduced scope-based authorization for API keys in the TestController.
- Updated routes to include API key management endpoints.
- Enhanced logging for API access to include authentication method details.
- Added tests for API key functionality, including validation, scope checks, and access control enforcement.

* Add API key rate limiting and usage tracking

- Implemented rate limiting for API key authentication in BaseController.
- Added methods to check rate limits, render appropriate responses, and include rate limit headers in responses.
- Updated routes to include a new usage resource for tracking API usage.
- Enhanced tests to verify rate limit functionality, including exceeding limits and per-key tracking.
- Cleaned up Redis data in tests to ensure isolation between test cases.

* Add Jbuilder for JSON rendering and refactor AccountsController

- Added Jbuilder gem for improved JSON response handling.
- Refactored index action in AccountsController to utilize Jbuilder for rendering JSON.
- Removed manual serialization of accounts and streamlined response structure.
- Implemented a before_action in BaseController to enforce JSON format for all API requests.

* Add transactions resource to API routes

- Added routes for transactions, allowing index, show, create, update, and destroy actions.
- This enhancement supports comprehensive transaction management within the API.

* Enhance API authentication and onboarding handling

- Updated BaseController to skip onboarding requirements for API endpoints and added manual token verification for OAuth authentication.
- Improved error handling and logging for invalid access tokens.
- Introduced a method to set up the current context for API requests, ensuring compatibility with session-like behavior.
- Excluded API paths from onboarding redirects in the Onboardable concern.
- Updated database schema to change resource_owner_id type from bigint to string for OAuth access grants.

* Fix rubocop offenses

- Fix indentation and spacing issues
- Convert single quotes to double quotes
- Add spaces inside array brackets
- Fix comment alignment
- Add missing trailing newlines
- Correct else/end alignment

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Fix API test failures and improve test reliability

- Fix ApiRateLimiterTest by removing mock users method and using fixtures
- Fix UsageControllerTest by removing mock users method and using fixtures
- Fix BaseControllerTest by using different users for multiple API keys
- Use unique display_key values with SecureRandom to avoid conflicts
- Fix double render issue in UsageController by returning after authorize_scope\!
- Specify controller name in routes for usage resource
- Remove trailing whitespace and empty lines per Rubocop

All tests now pass and linting is clean.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

* Add API transactions controller warning to brakeman ignore

The account_id parameter in the API transactions controller is properly
validated on line 79: family.accounts.find(transaction_params[:account_id])
This ensures users can only create transactions in accounts belonging to
their family, making this a false positive.

🤖 Generated with [Claude Code](https://claude.ai/code)

Co-Authored-By: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

---------

Signed-off-by: Josh Pigford <josh@joshpigford.com>
Co-authored-by: Claude <noreply@anthropic.com>

test/models/api_key_test.rb

@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+require "test_helper"
+
+class ApiKeyTest < ActiveSupport::TestCase
+  def setup
+    @user = users(:family_admin)
+    # Clean up any existing API keys for this user to ensure tests start fresh
+    @user.api_keys.destroy_all
+    @api_key = ApiKey.new(
+      user: @user,
+      name: "Test API Key",
+      key: "test_plain_key_123",
+      scopes: [ "read_write" ]
+    )
+  end
+
+  test "should be valid with valid attributes" do
+    assert @api_key.valid?
+  end
+
+  test "should require display_key presence after save" do
+    @api_key.key = nil
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+  end
+
+  test "should require name presence" do
+    @api_key.name = nil
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+    assert_includes @api_key.errors[:name], "can't be blank"
+  end
+
+  test "should require scopes presence" do
+    @api_key.scopes = nil
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+    assert_includes @api_key.errors[:scopes], "can't be blank"
+  end
+
+  test "should require user association" do
+    @api_key.user = nil
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+    assert_includes @api_key.errors[:user], "must exist"
+  end
+
+  test "should set display_key from key before saving" do
+    original_key = @api_key.key
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    # display_key should be encrypted but plain_key should return the original
+    assert_equal original_key, @api_key.plain_key
+  end
+
+  test "should find api key by plain value" do
+    plain_key = @api_key.key
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    found_key = ApiKey.find_by_value(plain_key)
+    assert_equal @api_key, found_key
+  end
+
+  test "should return nil when finding by invalid value" do
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    found_key = ApiKey.find_by_value("invalid_key")
+    assert_nil found_key
+  end
+
+  test "should return nil when finding by nil value" do
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    found_key = ApiKey.find_by_value(nil)
+    assert_nil found_key
+  end
+
+  test "key_matches? should work with plain key" do
+    plain_key = @api_key.key
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert @api_key.key_matches?(plain_key)
+    assert_not @api_key.key_matches?("wrong_key")
+  end
+
+  test "should be active when not revoked and not expired" do
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert @api_key.active?
+  end
+
+  test "should not be active when revoked" do
+    @api_key.save!
+    @api_key.revoke!
+
+    assert_not @api_key.active?
+    assert @api_key.revoked?
+  end
+
+  test "should not be active when expired" do
+    @api_key.expires_at = 1.day.ago
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert_not @api_key.active?
+    assert @api_key.expired?
+  end
+
+  test "should be active when expires_at is in the future" do
+    @api_key.expires_at = 1.day.from_now
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert @api_key.active?
+    assert_not @api_key.expired?
+  end
+
+  test "should be active when expires_at is nil" do
+    @api_key.expires_at = nil
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert @api_key.active?
+    assert_not @api_key.expired?
+  end
+
+  test "should generate secure key" do
+    key = ApiKey.generate_secure_key
+
+    assert_kind_of String, key
+    assert_equal 64, key.length  # hex(32) = 64 characters
+    assert key.match?(/\A[0-9a-f]+\z/)  # only hex characters
+  end
+
+  test "should update last_used_at when update_last_used! is called" do
+    @api_key.save!
+    original_time = @api_key.last_used_at
+
+    sleep(0.01)  # Ensure time difference
+    @api_key.update_last_used!
+
+    assert_not_equal original_time, @api_key.last_used_at
+    assert @api_key.last_used_at > (original_time || Time.at(0))
+  end
+
+  test "should prevent user from having multiple active api keys" do
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    second_key = ApiKey.new(
+      user: @user,
+      name: "Second API Key",
+      key: "another_key_123",
+      scopes: [ "read" ]
+    )
+
+    assert_not second_key.valid?
+    assert_includes second_key.errors[:user], "can only have one active API key"
+  end
+
+  test "should allow user to have new active key after revoking old one" do
+    @api_key.save!
+    @api_key.revoke!
+
+    second_key = ApiKey.new(
+      user: @user,
+      name: "Second API Key",
+      key: "another_key_123",
+      scopes: [ "read" ]
+    )
+
+    assert second_key.valid?
+  end
+
+  test "should include active api keys in active scope" do
+    @api_key.save!
+    active_keys = ApiKey.active
+
+    assert_includes active_keys, @api_key
+  end
+
+  test "should exclude revoked api keys from active scope" do
+    @api_key.save!
+    @api_key.revoke!
+    active_keys = ApiKey.active
+
+    assert_not_includes active_keys, @api_key
+  end
+
+  test "should exclude expired api keys from active scope" do
+    @api_key.expires_at = 1.day.ago
+    @api_key.save!
+    active_keys = ApiKey.active
+
+    assert_not_includes active_keys, @api_key
+  end
+
+  test "should return plain_key for display" do
+    original_key = @api_key.key
+    @api_key.save!
+
+    assert_equal original_key, @api_key.plain_key
+  end
+
+  test "should not allow multiple scopes" do
+    @api_key.scopes = [ "read", "read_write" ]
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+    assert_includes @api_key.errors[:scopes], "can only have one permission level"
+  end
+
+  test "should validate scope values" do
+    @api_key.scopes = [ "invalid_scope" ]
+    assert_not @api_key.valid?
+    assert_includes @api_key.errors[:scopes], "must be either 'read' or 'read_write'"
+  end
+end